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Hydrocotyle verticillata, also known as Whorled Pennywort, is a charming herbaceous groundcover native to wetlands and shallow water bodies across the Americas, Australia, Africa, and parts of Asia. Its distinctive round, penny-shaped leaves attach from the center, giving them a miniature parasol appearance, making it a popular choice for aquarists looking for unique foliage.
This adaptable plant is relatively easy to care for and can thrive in a range of conditions, making it suitable for beginners. It typically grows along the substrate but can also be used as a floating plant, adding versatility to aquascape designs.
Whorled Pennywort is adaptable to various lighting conditions, from low to high, though moderate to high light encourages more compact and vibrant growth. While not strictly requiring CO2, supplementation is beneficial, especially in higher light setups. It prefers soft to moderately hard water with a pH between 5.5 and 8.0. Minimal to moderate fertilization with a comprehensive aquatic plant fertilizer is recommended to support healthy growth. A nutrient-rich substrate is not necessary, as it can also absorb nutrients from the water column and can be grown attached to hardscape.
Propagation is easily achieved through its natural growth habit. The plant spreads via runners or lateral shoots that develop new plantlets at each node. You can also take stem cuttings; simply snip a portion of the stem with a few nodes and plant it in the substrate or allow it to float until roots develop. Division of established clumps is another effective method.
Regular trimming is important to manage the plant's spread and density. To encourage bushier growth, trim stems back. To control its footprint or remove unwanted growth, simply cut runners or stems. Propagated cuttings can be replanted or shared.
With its unique leaf structure and straightforward care, Hydrocotyle verticillata is an excellent choice for adding a touch of natural charm to almost any freshwater aquarium.